WORKSHOP 1: Transition for Thermal to SWRO: Strategies for Optimal Existing Thermal Plant Operation before Retirement Dr. Corrado Sommariva WORKSHOP 2: Uses of alternative and renewable energy in desalination stations Eng. Leon Awerbuch WORKSHOP 3 (B): Enabling the implementation of Inventions and Innovations in Desalination: The Egyptian Experience Prof. Dr. Hossam Shawky WORKSHOP 4: Novel Feed Spacer Design for Fouling Control in Membrane Filtration Prof. Noreddine Ghaffour PANEL DISCUSSION (1): Unifying Research Efforts in Arab Countries to Improve Desalination Technologies and Economics